Dukoral - DIN 02247208

Cholera is caused by the transmission of the Vibrio cholerae bacteria through contaminated food or water, especially in areas where treatment of sewage and drinking water is lacking. Symptoms of Cholera can include mild to moderate diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and sometimes severe dehydration. Cholera is not often fatal. Recommended treatment is to stay hydrated. In some cases, cholera may require treatment of antibiotics, oral rehydration.

Cholera Vaccine may be recommended for travellers to countries in which Cholera is prevalent such as in Africa and South Asia. If you have a chronic illness, are immuno-suppressed, have a history of severe traveller’s diarrhea or those are at significant risk of exposure e.g. health care professional or humanitarian worker, the Cholera Vaccine may be appropriate for you.

AVAXIM: DIN 02237792

HAVRIX: DIN 02187078

TWINRIX (Hep A + Hep B): DIN 02230578

Hepatitis A is one of the most common vaccine-preventable diseases in travellers, according to the Government of Canada. It is prevalent throughout Central and South America, Africa and Asia.

Hepatitis A is caused by the Hepatitis A virus and affects the function of your liver. Hepatitis A is transmitted through contaminated food or water, or from someone who has the illness. The illness is commonly transmitted in areas with poor sanitation or hygiene. There is an incubation period of up to 50 days during which time there are no symptoms, but the virus can be transmitted to others. The incubation period is followed by symptoms of fatigue, nausea / vomiting, abdominal pain, jaundice, fever, joint pain and more.

The Hepatitis A vaccine may be recommended for travellers going to countries with Hepatitis A is prevalent, for men who have sex with men, and for people with chronic liver disease.

ENGERIX: DIN 01919431
TWINRIX: DIN 02230578

Hepatitis B is a liver disease caused by the Hepatitis B bacteria. It is transmitted through infected blood or body fluids, often through unprotected sexual activity, injection drug use or sharing personal items such as toothbrushes.

The World Health Organization reports that the Hepatitis B virus may remain on any surface it comes into contact with for about a week, e.g. table-tops, razor blades, blood stains, without losing infectivity. Hepatitis B may not display any symptoms for up to 6 months, after which time weight loss, nausea, and jaundice, among other symptoms may occur.

Hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for travellers visiting countries where Hepatitis B is prevalent, people with chronic diseases, people with immunodeficiencies, people who engage in high-risk sexual activity, those with a history of sexually transmitted infections, people who use injection drugs, men who have sex with men, healthcare workers, anyone wishing to reduce their exposure to Hepatitis B and others.

IXIARO: DIN 02333279

Japanese encephalitis is a virus related to dengue fever, yellow fever, and West Nile viruses, and is spread by infected mosquitos.

This disease is most prevalent in Southeast Asia and East Asia, including the Indian subcontinent.

Japanese encephalitis causes inflammation of the brain. In most cases, symptoms are mild, and include fever, headaches, and are resolved without treatment. In rare cases, more severe symptoms include very high fever, disorientation, coma, seizures and long term nerve and brain damage. About 1 in 4 of severe cases of Japanese Encephalitis is fatal.

The World Health Organization recommends the Japanese encephalitis vaccine for anyone travelling to regions in which Japanese encephalitis is a recognized public health concern.

MALARONE: DIN 02238151
Other Anti-Malarial medications may also be prescribed.

Malaria is a disease commonly spread by female Anopheles mosquitoes infected with the Plasmodium parasite.

Malaria symptoms include fever, headaches and vomiting and occur after a 10 to 15 day incubation period. If not treated early, Malaria symptoms can be severe and include seizures, coma or result in death. In some cases, Malaria symptoms may recur.

Malaria is most commonly found in sub-Saharan Africa, but also in parts of Asia and South America. Prevention against mosquito bites by using mosquito nets, bug repellents is the line of first defense, and taking anti-malarial medication may be recommended.

Anti-malarial medication may be recommended for people travelling to Malaria-endemic regions, especially sub-Saharan Africa. Pregnant women, young children, and non-immune travellers from malaria-free regions are particularly vulnerable.

MENVEO: DIN 02347393
MENACTRA: DIN 02279924

Meningococcal meningitis is a disease present in most parts of the world, and is caused by the Neisseria meningitidis bacteria, which can invade the bloodstream and cause inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.

The disease is spread via saliva and secretions from the nose and throat, and by prolonged and close contact with infected individuals, though it is not spread as easily as the common cold.

Most people infected with the Meningococcal meningitis bacteria are simply carriers without symptoms, although they can transmit the disease. Some people may experience symptoms of of high fever, headache, vomiting, chills and stiff neck. If untreated, Meningococcal meningitis has a high fatality rate.

A vaccine for Meningococcal meningitis is required for travel to Saudi Arabia during Hajj and recommended for anyone travelling to regions with high incidences of Meningococcal meningitis, such as the sub-Saharan Africa Meningitis Belt.

IMOVAX: DIN 01908286

Rabies is transmitted from the saliva of animals infected with the Lyssavirus virus, most often through licks, bites or scratches.

The virus attacks the central nervous system. Most early symptoms (fever, headache, and fatigue occur within 1 to 3 months of exposure, though it may take longer for early symptoms to appear. Acute symptoms occur soon after.

There is no effective treatment for Rabies. If you haven’t been vaccinated and you think you may have been exposed to the Rabies virus, seek treatment right away as post-exposure vaccines should be administered as soon as possible.

The Rabies vaccine may be recommended for travellers going to areas where they will be in contact with live animals, and where there is poor access to health care.

DUKORAL: DIN 02247208

Traveller’s diarrhea is a very common illness affecting travellers worldwide. It is caused by a variety of bacteria including E.Coli and Salmonella and viruses such as the norovirus and rotovirus.

You can get Traveller’s Diarrhea if you are exposed to contaminated food or water, or can spread person-to-person. Symptoms include fever, nausea / vomiting, abdominal cramping and loose, watery stools.

People with Traveller’s diarrhea can get easily dehydrated, so drinking lots of fluids and taking rehydration salts is advised. Taking a vaccine for Traveller’s diarrhea can help prevent the onset of the illness.

Risk of contracting Traveller’s diarrhea occurs worldwide, but is higher risk for travellers to Central and South America, Mexico, Africa, the Middle East and Asia.

TYPHERIX: DIN 02242727

TYPHIM V: DIN 02130955

VIVOTIF BERNA: DIN 00885975

Typhoid fever is a serious infectious disease caused by the Salmonella Typhi bacteria. It is spread by contact with another person infected with the bacteria, by ingesting water or food that has come into contact with an infected person, or by water or food contaminated by sewage in areas where Typhoid is prevalent.

Some people do not develop symptoms, whereas others may experience fever, headache, loss of appetite, constipation or diarrhea. In severe cases, intestinal bleeding can occur and the liver and spleen may be affected. Typhoid fever can be treated with antibiotics.

Vaccination against Typhoid fever may be recommended if you are travelling to South Asia. Other areas of risk include Africa, Asia, the Caribbean, Central and South America, according to the Government of Canada.

YELLOW FEVER VACCINE: DIN 00428833

The World Health Organization estimates 200,000 incidences of Yellow Fever globally, with 30,000 deaths. 90% of cases are found in Africa.

Yellow Fever is an acute viral disease that causes fever, abdominal pain, headaches, joint and muscle pain, weakness and more. In most cases, people with Yellow Fever recover, but in serious cases, internal bleeding, jaundice and organ failure can occur.

The World Health Organization states that vaccination is the best preventative measure against Yellow Fever, since there is no specific treatment available.

The Yellow Fever vaccine is recommended by the World Health Organization for travel to certain countries in Africa and South America. Some countries, especially in Africa, require Yellow Fever vaccination for travellers from all countries.

The Travel Clinic at HealthSense Medical is a Certified Yellow Fever Vaccination Clinic.